Discovery : Captain Cook on the Resolution discovered the island on 10th October 1774. 1st Settlement : 1788 - 1814  Lieutenant Philip Gidley King arrived in HMS Supply on 6th march 1788 to establish the settlement with 22 people including 15 convicts.  They landed at Sydney Bay (Kingston).  The island was abandoned in February 1814. 2nd Settlement : 1825 - 1856  Captain R Turton , re-occupied the island in June 1825 as a settlement for the "worst felons".  This settlement period was renowned for the number of convict uprisings, deaths and harsh treatments inflicted by some of the commandants.   The settlement closed in 1855 with only a skeleton population staying until 1856 to hand over the island to the Pitcairners. 3rd Settlement : 8th June 1856 -  194 Pitcairn Islanders arrived to form the first free settlement on Norfolk Island.  The Pitcairners are descendants of the Bounty mutineers.   It is the descendants of these first free settlers who are today the Islanders of Norfolk Island.
	Bibliography : Norfolk Island (3 settlements), Pitcairn Island and Bounty Descendants   A Guide to Pitcairn, (5th Edition) Government of the Islands of Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno, Auckland, 1990. * A Voyage to New South Wales : The Journal of Lieutenant William Bradley of HMS Sirius 1786-1792, (includes charts) Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney, 1969. *** Mutiny on the Bounty 1789 – 1989 : An International Exhibition to mark the 200th Anniversary, Manorial Research PLC and National Maritime Museum, London, 1989. * The Archaeological survey of Kingston and Arthur’s Vale, (2 Volumes) Department of Housing and Construction, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 1983. * Barry, John Vincent, Alexander Maconochie of Norfolk Island, Oxford University Press, London, 1958. *** Barry, John Vincent, The Life and Death of John Price, Melbourne University Press, Parkville, 1964. *** Bassett, Marnie, The Governor’s Lady : Mrs. Philip Gidley King, Oxford University Press, London, 1956. *** Brand, Ian, The Convict Probation System : Van Diemen’s Land 1839 - 1854, Blubber Head Press, Sandy Bay Tasmania, 1990. *** Britts, M.G., The Commandants : The Tyrants who ruled Norfolk Island, Herron Publications, West End Queensland, 1980. *** Cash, Martin, Martin Cash, The Bushranger of Van Diemen’s Land in 1843-44 : A personal narrative of his exploits in the bush and his experiences at Port Arthur and Norfolk Island, J. 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Nixon, Colonial Era Cemetery of Norfolk Island, Pacific Publications, Sydney, 1985. *** Davies, K. & K.A., Old Norfolk Town : The past in pictures, Davies, Norfolk Island, n.d.. * Dening, Greg, Mr Bligh’s Bad Language : Passion, Power and Theatre on the Bounty, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1993. *** Donohoe, James Hugh, Norfolk Island 1788 – 1813 : The people and their families, James Hugh Donohoe, Sydney, 1986. *** Duke, John S. & Duke, Mary-Lorraine & Guymer, Angela & Hoare, Merval & Smith, Nan, Norfolk Island Hospitals and Public Health from the 1st Convict Settlement, Norfolk Island Historical Society, Norfolk Island, 1994. *** Duke, Mary Lorraine, Tale of Two Islands, Tern Publications, Norfolk Island, 1991. * Edgecombe, Jean and Bennett, Isobel, Discovering Norfolk Island : A Complete Guide, Pacific Maps and Guides, Sydney, 1983. *** Edgecombe, Jean, Norfolk Island – South Pacific : Island of history and many delights, J.M. Edgecombe, Thornleigh NSW, 1991. *** Eldershaw, M. Barnard, The Life and Times of Captain John Piper, National Trust of Australia (N.S.W.), 1973. * Fidlon, Paul G. (Ed.), The Journal and Letters of Lt. Ralph Clark 1787-1792, Australian Documents Library, Sydney, 1981. *** Fidlon, Paul G. (Ed.), The Journal of Philip Gidley King : Lieutenant, R.N. 1787-1790, Australian Documents Library, Sydney, 1980. *** Ford, Herbert, Pitcairn, Anchor Titles, California, 1972. * Frost, Alan, Convicts & Empire : A Naval Question, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1980. *** Hazzard, Margaret, Convicts and Commandants of Norfolk Island 1788-1855, Margaret Hazzard, Norfolk Island, 1978. * Hazzard, Margaret, Punishment Short of Death : A History of the Penal Settlement at Norfolk Island, Hyland House Publishing Pty Limited, South Yarra, 1984. *** Hillier, R.S., The Norfolk Island Book, Anson Publications, Norfolk Island, 1986. * Hitch, Gil & Maev, Ghosts of Norfolk Island, G. & M. 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Weidenhofer, Margaret, The Convict Years : Transportation and the penal system 1788-1868, Lansdowne Press, Melbourne, 1974. *** Wesley, Jane, A Street Guide : Quality Row, Kingston Norfolk Island, Norfolk Island Museum, Norfolk Island, 1994. * Wesley, Jane, Government House, Norfolk Island, Office of the Administrator, Norfolk Island, 1995. * Wright, Reg, The Forgotten Generation of Norfolk Island and Van Diemens Land, Library of Australian History, Sydney, 1986. *** * = no index *** = index

Created by : Susie Zada
© 1996 Susie Zada, Ocean Grove, Victoria, Australia
Last revised : March 15, 2007.
Email : susie@zades.com.au